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Information Booklet (view source)
Revision as of 17:16, 28 September 2021
, 17:16, 28 September 2021→Glasgow and beyond: what’s needed next?
Spread across the world from the Arctic to the South Pacific, indigenous people are the descendants - according to a common definition - of those who inhabited a country or a geographical region at the time when people of different cultures or ethnic origins arrived. The new arrivals later became dominant through conquest, occupation, settlement or other means<ref>[https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/5session_factsheet1.pdf UN Forum on Indigenous Issues]</ref>.
Spread across the world from the Arctic to the South Pacific, indigenous people are the descendants - according to a common definition - of those who inhabited a country or a geographical region at the time when people of different cultures or ethnic origins arrived. The new arrivals later became dominant through conquest, occupation, settlement or other means<ref name=":24">[https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/5session_factsheet1.pdf UN Forum on Indigenous Issues]</ref>.
One key issue that must be addressed at the Climate Change Convention (COP26) and the Biodiversity Convention (COP15) is financing and technology cooperation. Most developing
One key issue that must be addressed at the Climate Change Convention (COP26) and the Biodiversity Convention (COP15) is financing and technology cooperation. Most developing countries will need financial assistance to mitigate climate change, adapt to climate change, and to conserve and restore biodiversity.
Another important question of the next decade will be how to frame the climate and ecological crisis so as not to destroy hope and create an atmosphere of fear, but instead build solidarity between people and the planet. Integrating many different perspectives, including indigenous perspectives, into climate and biodiversity solutions will be crucial in fulfilling the UN Sustainable Development Goals, including the climate and biodiversity goals, which promise to “leave no one behind”<ref>[https://unsdg.un.org/2030-agenda/universal-values/leave-no-one-behind UN Universal Values, Principle Two: Leave No One Behind]</ref> in the transition to more sustainable societies.
The task will be to use stories from trusted messengers, as well as data from experts, to prove that this is a task that can be – and is being – done. To recognize how far we have already come, so that past successes open a path to further action. And to keep the pressure on, while also rewarding progress<ref>[https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1bDitcSh30QHMjpAsSh8M3zf3ocp2Lxgu The Value of Climate Cooperation]</ref>.
It is vital that governments start to recognize the interactions between the climate and ecological crisis, and develop mutually compatible goals, targets and actions.
== Glossary ==
'''Adaptation:''' To change, adjust or improve something so as to make it suitable for a different situation.
'''Carbon budget:''' An amount of carbon dioxide that a country, company, or organization has agreed is the largest it will produce in a particular period of time.
'''Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>):''' Carbon dioxide is a gas consisting of one part carbon and two parts oxygen.
'''Conference of the Parties (COP):''' The decision-making body responsible for monitoring and reviewing the implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
'''Decarbonizing:''' The reduction of carbon dioxide emissions through the use of low carbon power sources, meaning less greenhouse gasses are emitted into the atmosphere.
'''Economic growth:''' Economic growth is an increase in the goods and services produced in a market (for example, a country's economy). Economic growth is measured in terms of gross domestic product, or '''GDP'''.
'''Equity:''' “Common but differentiated responsibilities” (CBDR) is a principle of international environmental law establishing that all states are responsible for addressing global environmental destruction, yet not equally responsible<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/common-but-differentiated-responsibilities CBDR - Britannica]</ref>.
'''Exploit/exploitation:''' To use someone or something unfairly to your own advantage, with a lack of care for the thing that’s being exploited.
'''Extinction:''' The moment when a kind of organism, usually a species, becomes extinct. Extinction happens when the last remaining individual of the species dies.
'''GDP''': Gross domestic product is the standard measure of the value added created through the production of goods and services in a country during a certain period.
'''Greenland ice sheet:''' The Greenland ice sheet is a vast body of ice covering 1,710,000 square kilometres, roughly 79% of the surface of Greenland. It is the second largest ice body in the world, after the Antarctic ice sheet.
'''Greenhouse gases:''' The six greenhouse gases covered by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol are: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydroflurocarbons, perflurocarbons and sulphar hexafluoride.
'''Indigenous people''': An official definition of “indigenous” has not been adopted by any UN-system body. According to common definition, however, indigenous people are the descendants of those who inhabited a country or a geographical region at the time when people of different cultures or ethnic origins arrived. The new arrivals later became dominant through conquest, occupation, settlement or other means. It is estimated that there are more than 370 million indigenous people spread across 70 countries worldwide<ref name=":24" />.
'''Industrial Revolution''': In modern history, the Industrial Revolution was the process of change from a farming and handcraft based economy, to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing, during the 18th and 19th centuries
'''Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC):''' An intergovernmental body of the United Nations that provides objective scientific information on human-induced climate change, its natural, political, and economic impacts and risks, and possible response options.
'''Low carbon:''' Causing or resulting in only a relatively small net release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
'''Mitigation:''' The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something.
'''Nationally determined contributions (NDC):''' Nationally determined contributions (INDC) are intended reductions in greenhouse gas emissions under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
'''Negative emissions:''' Negative emissions is one of the terms used for activities that remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
'''Paris Agreement:''' The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change, adopted in 2015.
'''Pollution:''' The presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects. Pollution can be created by human activity, for example rubbish in the oceans or chemical run-off from agriculture.
'''Scientific Revolution:''' A change in thought that took place during the 16th and 17th centuries. During this time, science became its own discipline, distinct from philosophy and technology.
By the end of this period, science had replaced Christianity as the focal point of European civilization.
'''Temperature translations: Degrees Celsius (°C) to Fahrenheit (°F):'''
1.0°C = 1.8°F
1.2°C = 2.6°F
1.5°C = 2.7°F
2°C = 3.6°F
2.5°C = 4.4°F
3°C = 5.4°F
3.5°C = 6.2°F
4°C = 7.2°F
4.5°C = 8.1°F
5°C = 8.8°F
6°C = 10.8°F